ISO Category III Vibration Analyst – Advanced

Review of condition monitoring technologies and the ISO standards

Signal processing and data acquisition

• Filters: Low pass, band pass, high pass, band stop
• Signal to noise ratio
• Analog and digital integration
• Testing low speed machines
• Sampling, aliasing, dynamic range
• Resolution, Fmax, data collection time
• Averaging: linear, overlap, peak hold, negative averaging, time synchronous
• Windowing and leakage
• Order tracking
• Cross channel testing
• Correlation and coherence

• Collecting data – ensuring you have the correct setup
• When should you use time waveform analysis
• Diagnosing unbalance, misalignment, bend shaft, eccentricity, cocked bearing,

• Collecting data
• Bubble diagrams
• Diagnosing unbalance, misalignment, bent shaft, eccentricity, cocked bearing, resonance, looseness and other conditions

• Natural frequencies and resonances
• Mass, stiffness and damping
• SDOF and MDOF

• Run-up coast down tests
• Bode plots and Nyquist (polar) plots
• Impact and bump tests
• Analysis of induction motors

• Can we prove the existing of a natural frequency?
• Visualizing vibration
• Setting up the job
• Collecting phase readings correctly
• Interpreting the deflection shape

• How does modal analysis differ from ODS?
• How does Finite Element Analysis (FEA) differ from modal analysis
• A quick review of the modal testing process

• The effect of mass and stiffness
• Beware of nodal points
• Adding damping
• A ‘trial and error’ approach
• A ‘scientific’ approach
• Isolation
• Tuned absorbers and tuned mass dampers

• Why do bearings fail?
• Cocked bearing, sliding on shaft or inside housing, looseness
• EDM and DC motors and VFDs
• Bearing frequencies and what to do when you don’t have all the details
• The four stages of bearing degradation
• Ultrasound
• High frequency detection techniques
• Shock Pulse, Spike Energy, Peak Vue, and other techniques
• Demodulation/enveloping
• Selecting the correct filter settings
• Spectrum analysis
• Time waveform analysis
• Low speed bearings

• What are journal bearings
• Measuring displacement
• Introduction to orbit plots
• Using your analyzer to acquire orbit plots
• Introduction to centerline diagrams
• Eccentricity ratio
• Glitch removal
• How the orbit changes with pre-load, unbalance, misalignment, instabilities, oil whir and whip

• How do motors work?
• Diagnosing a range of fault conditions: eccentric rotor, eccentric stator, soft foot, phasing, broken rotor bars, rotor bar and stator slot

• Unique fault conditions
• Flow turbulence, recirculation, cavitation

• Spectrum analysis versus time waveform analysis
• Wear particle analysis
• Gearmesh, gear assembly phase frequency (and common factors)
• Tooth load, broken teeth, gear eccentricity and misalignment, backlash and more

• General maintenance repair activities
• Review of the balancing process and ISO balance grades
• Review of shaft alignment procedures

• Setting baselines
• Setting alarms: band, envelope/mask, statistical
• Setting goals and expectations (avoiding common problems)
• Report generation
• Reporting success stories

Acceptance testing

Review of ISO standards